Blepharitis is a common, chronic inflammatory condition affecting the eyelid margins. While rarely vision-threatening, it can cause persistent discomfort and ocular surface irritation that significantly impacts quality of life.

 

What Is Blepharitis?


Blepharitis refers to inflammation of the eyelid margins, typically involving the base of the eyelashes. It is broadly classified into:


  • Anterior blepharitis – Affects the front of the eyelid where eyelashes attach. Often associated with bacterial colonization (commonly Staphylococcus species) or seborrheic dermatitis.
  • Posterior blepharitis – Involves dysfunction of the meibomian glands (meibomian gland dysfunction, or MGD), which are responsible for secreting the lipid layer of the tear film.


Posterior blepharitis is particularly associated with evaporative dry eye due to instability of the tear film.


Common Symptoms


Patients typically report:

  • Red, swollen eyelids
  • Burning or stinging sensation
  • Itchy eyelid margins
  • Crusting or flaking at the base of eyelashes
  • Gritty or foreign body sensation
  • Blurred vision that improves with blinking
  • Increased tearing or paradoxical dryness

Symptoms often worsen in the morning due to overnight debris accumulation.

Risk Factors

Several conditions predispose individuals to blepharitis, including:

  • Seborrheic dermatitis
  • Rosacea
  • Chronic dry eye disease
  • Contact lens use
  • Demodex mite infestation
  • Poor eyelid hygiene

Blepharitis frequently coexists with other ocular surface disorders, making a comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation important.


If you are experiencing persistent eyelid irritation or dry eye symptoms, arrange a consultation today.